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Resumen del manual
II is equipped with a brass plug on one end and a comfortable knob on the other. IMPORTANT: NEVER DRIVE THE WORKPIECE INTO THE SPUR CENTER WHEN IT IS MOUNTED IN THE HEADSTOCK. Instructions on setting the spur center into the workpiece are found in the “OPERATION” section of this manual. Fig. 29 TAILSTOCK LIVE CENTER The tailstock live center (A) Fig. 31, supplied with your lathe, is equipped with a No. 2 Morse Taper shank and is inserted into the tailstock spindle (B), as shown. To remove the tapered shank cup center (A) from the tailstock spindle, simply rotate handwheel (C) to move spindle (B) back into the tailstock body. This will push the live center , (A) out of the spindle (B). ALIGNING HEADSTOCK CENTER TO TAILSTOCK CENTER When tightening the tailstock, it is normal for the tailstock to move slightly and this movement will always be to the same position. To ensure that the tailstock center will always be in line with the headstock center when it is tightened, proceed as follows: 1. Install pointed centers (A) and (B) Fig. 32, into both the headstock (C) and tailstock (D) spindles. 2. Loosen locking lever (E) Fig. 32 and slide tailstock (D) to the left until tailstock center (B) is amost contacting headstock center (A), as shown. Tighten locking lever (E). Check to see if tailstock center point (B) is in line with headstock center point (A). 3. If an adjustment is necessary, loosen headstock locking shaft (F) Fig. 32, with socket head wrench supplied, and align the headstock center point to the tail- ^ stock center point. Tighten locking shaft (F) Fig. 32. 4. The headstock (C) Fig. 32, will now always be aligned to the tailstock (D) when it is tightened. Fig. 30 Fig. 31 13 Fig. 32 OPERATION The following directions will give the inexperienced operator a start on the common lathe operations. Use scrap material for practice to get the feel of the machine before attempting regular work. LATHE TOOLS The standard set of tools used in wood turning comprises five different shapes as shown in Fig. 33. Most important of these is the gouge, a roundnose, hollow chisel which is used for roughing cuts, cove cutting and other operations. Next in importance is the skew chisel, a doubleground, flat chisel, with the end ground to an angle instead of being square across. This tool is used for smoothing cylinders, for cutting shoulders, beads, vee-grooves, etc. The spear or diamond-point chisel and the round-nose chisel are scraping tools which are used where their shape fits the contour of the work. The parting tool is a double-ground chisel, and is used for cutting-off and for making straight incisions or sizing cuts to any required diameter. HOW TO TURN SPINDLES Any turning where the workpiece is placed between the headstock and tailstock centers, as shown in Fig. 34, is called spindle turning. This is the principle type of wood turning, as typified by chair and table legs, lamp stems, etc. The turning of spindles can be done with either a scraping or cutting technique, the cutting technique by virtue of faster wood removal and a cleaner surface being almost a must for good work. Fig. 35, illustrates a spindle turning operation being performed. STANDARD SET OF TURNING CHISELS (1 3 Ip" f GOUGE SKEW SPEAR GOUGE i £} ft PARTING RD. NOSE GOUGE SKEW Fig. 33 CENTERING THE WORK Wood stock for any spindle turning should be approximately square, and the ends should be square with the sides. Two common methods of determining the center are shown in Fig. 36 and 37. In Fig. 36 a distance a little more or a little less than one-half the width of the stock is set off from each of the four sides. The small square thus set off in the center can then be used in marking the true center. The diagonal method, Fig. 37, consists of drawing lines from corner to corner, the intersection marking the center of the work. After marking each end, the true center should be definitely marked with a punch awl or dividers, as shown in Fig. 38. If the stock is hardwood, the centers should be drilled to a depth of about 1/8", as shown in Fig. 39. The spur or live center is then placed against one end of the work and seated by striking with a mallet, as shown in Fig. 40. In hardwood, it is advisable to make a starting seat for the spur center, this being done by sawing on the diagonal lines, as shown in Fig. 41, and drilling a small hole at the intersection. After driving the center, it is best to hold center and work together and fit immediately to headstock spindle. If you are not using a ball bearing center, the end of work at tailstock center should be oiled, placing the lubricant on the wood either before or after it is put in the lathe (see Fig. 42). Many turners use beeswax, tallow, or a wax-and-oil mixture as a lubricant. The ideal method is to use a ball bearing center, which eliminates lubricating entirely. If the work is to be removed from the lathe before completion, an index mark should be made as a guide for...
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