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Resumen del manual
• 2.1.1 NFPA STANDARDS The following published standards booklets pertaining to standby electric systems are available form the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269: NOTE: It is essential to use the latest version of any standard to ensure correct and current information. • NFPA No. 37, STATIONARY COMBUSTION ENGINES AND GAS TURBINES. • NFPA No. 76A, ESSENTIAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR HEALTH CARE FACILITIES. • NFPA No. 220, STANDARD TYPES OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION • NFPA No. 68, GUIDE FOR EXPLOSION VENTING • NFPA No. 70, NATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE. • NFPA No. 30, FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS CODE. • NFPA No. 10, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE AND USE OF PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS. • 2.1.2 OTHER PUBLISHED STANDARDS In addition to NFPA standards, the following information pertaining to the installation and use of standby electric systems is available: NOTE: It is essential to use the latest version of any standard to ensure correct and current information. • Article X, NATIONAL BUILDING CODE, available from the American Insurance Association, 85 John Street, New York, N.Y. 10038. • AGRICULTURAL WIRING HANDBOOK, obtainable from the Food and Energy Council, 909 University Avenue, Columbia, MO, 65201. • ASAE EP-364.2, INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF FARM STANDBY ELECTRIC POWER, available from the American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2950 Niles Road, St. Joseph, MI 49085. • A52.1, AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR CHIMNEYS, FIREPLACES AND VENTING SYSTEMS, available from the American National Standard Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10018. 2.2 GENERATOR LOCATION Install the generator set, in its protective enclosure outdoors, where adequate cooling and ventilating air always is available. Consider these factors: • Install the unit where air inlet and outlet openings will not become obstructed by leaves, grass, snow, etc. If prevailing winds will cause blowing or drifting, consider using a windbreak to protect the unit. • Install the generator on high ground where water levels will not rise and endanger it. • This genset must be installed on a level surface. The base frame must be level within 1/2 inch all around. • Allow sufficient room on all sides of the generator for maintenance and servicing. A good rule is to allow five feet of space on all sides. • Where strong prevailing winds blow from one direction, face the generator air inlet openings into the prevailing winds. • Install the generator as close as possible to the transfer switch. This reduces the length of wiring and conduit. • Install the generator as close as possible to the fuel supply, to reduce the length of piping. HOWEVER, REMEMBER THAT LAWS OR CODES MAY REGULATE THE DISTANCE. 2.3 GENERATOR MOUNTING AND SUPPORT Retain the generator compartment to a concrete slab with 1/4-inch masonry type anchor bolts. Be sure the bolts are long enough to retain the compartment. The slab should be at least six inches thick and should extend beyond the enclosure to a distance of at least three inches on all sides. See Section 6 for generator major dimensions. 2.4 BASIC STANDBY ELECTRIC SYSTEM Figure 2.1 shows a schematic diagram of a basic standby electric system. Both the UTILITY power supply and the STANDBY (GENERATOR) output are connected to an approved transfer switch. The transfer switch is required by electrical code and serves the following functions: Generac® Power Systems, Inc. 9 Section 2 — Installation QUIETSOURCE™ Liquid-cooled 30 kW Generators • Allows the LOAD circuits to be connected to only one power supply at a time. • Prevents electrical backfeed between the generator and the UTILITY power circuits. Both the STANDBY and the UTILITY power supplies to the transfer switch are protected against overload by a main line circuit breaker. Figure 2.1 – Basic Standby Electric System 2.5 EMERGENCY CIRCUIT ISOLATION METHOD This prevents overloading the generator by keeping electrical loads below the wattage/amperage capacity of the generator. If the generator is powering only critical loads, within the wattage/amperage capacity, during utility power outages, consider using the emergency circuit isolation method. Critical electrical loads are grouped together and wired into a separate “Emergency Distribution Panel.” Load circuits powered by that panel are within the wattage/amperage capacity of the generator set. When this method is used, it is difficult to overload the generator. The transfer switch must meet the following requirements: • It must have an ampere rating equal to the total amperage rating of the emergency distribution panel circuit. • Have it installed between the building’s main distribution panel and the emergency distribution panel. 2.6 TOTAL CIRCUIT ISOLATION METHOD When a generator capable of powering all electrical loads in the circuit is to be installed, use the “Total Circuit Isolation Method.” It is possible for the generator to be overloaded when this isolation method is employed. The...