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These programs consume system resources, so load them judiciously. • Keep your drives in order - A well-organized hard drive directory system helps you reduce wasteful clutter on your drives, freeing up space for important applications and data. • Defragment your hard drives - Hard drives store files by placing pieces of them in random clusters and keeping a list of the clusters that store each file. Using the box and cubbyhole analogy, the hard drive places some of the file in a cubbyhole, notes the file and location on a master list, places the next piece, and so on. It is obvious that retrieving the file is a cumbersome affair since the hard drive must consult the master list, find the first piece of a needed file, consult the list again, and repeat this procedure for every piece of each accessed file. Defragmenting a hard drive takes all the pieces of a file and places them in consecutive clusters. This can greatly improve hard drive and the overall system performance. • Do not open more applications than necessary - Each open application occupies system RAM, leaving less room for other applications to run. In Windows systems, this means that Windows will increasingly resort to using the hard drive as virtual (emulated) memory. Hard drives are slow compared to system RAM, so overall system performance is degraded. • Delete old files and applications - Applications that are no longer being used may be impacting system performance. Many Windows applications alter the Windows Startup files and may allocate resources for themselves even when they are not running. Deleting unused applications cleans up your Windows Startup files, saves hard drive space, and may provide more system resources for current work. • Avoid the use of needless enhancements - Animated cursors, animated icons, sound, trailing mouse pointers, etc. consume resources. If your system has plenty of available resources and you wish to add these items, feel free to do so. If your system is taxed even without these items, it is best not to use them. -29 • • - You may inadvertently install software that negatively affects your system and is impossible to uninstall, or make a mistake in critical operating system settings that can take hours to repair. Periodic backups of system files and applications, and updating these backups before adding software or modifying operating system settings will protect your files. Windows ME and Windows XP have a special feature called System Restore. You can use this feature to undo harmful changes to your computer and restore its settings. Investing in a backup storage device is also a good idea. This device provides automatic, scheduled backups of the system. Following the guidelines above and paying close attention to your computer and its performance may help to alert you to serious problems before they cause data loss or hardware failure. -30 5.5. Although your computer system is designed to provide you with trouble-free operation, any system can malfunction. Incorrectly setting up or configuring your system during hardware or operating system upgrades is the cause of most malfunctions. Loose mechanical connections such as cards, cables, or components are also frequent troublemakers. These can occur during upgrades, repairs, or simply while moving the computer from one location to another. You can probably correct most problems quite easily. Should a hardware failure occur, you will most likely need to have the machine serviced by a professional technician. Contact your CTL Dealer or CTL for repairs during your warranty period. This chapter covers some of the procedures you should follow if your machine does not operate as you expect. If the recommended procedures do not solve the problem, please call CTL Technical Support at 800-645-8670. Prior to attempting any of the troubleshooting procedures listed in this chapter, please read the following WARNING. WARNING! FOR YOUR PERSONAL SAFETY AND PROTECTION OF YOUR EQUIPMENT Some troubleshooting procedures may require you to work inside the computer. It is important that you perform the following steps before working on your computer: 1. Turn off your computer and all devices. 2. Touch an unpainted metal surface on the computer case to discharge static electricity. 3. Disconnect the power cable to your computer. 4. Disconnect any devices connected to the computer from their electrical outlets to reduce the potential for shock or personal injury. Basic Troubleshooting Procedure To identify a problem, it helps to be familiar with normal system operation. A normal boot up consists of the hard disk drive(s) beginning to spin, the monitor displaying the amount of system RAM (you may hear a ticking noise during the RAM verification), the floppy drive being accessed (the indicator light comes on briefly), and a single audio beep signifying successful conclusion of the Power-On Self-Test (POST). The computer then attempts to load the operating system from the floppy d...

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