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Resumen del manual
GE Energy Oil & Gas Business has long-standing experience in manufacturing gas turbines dating back to 1961 when a manufacturing agreement was established with General Electric (U.S.A.) to complement the existing portfolio of products for the petroleum and petrochemical industries (reciprocating and centrifugal compressors, gas engines, pumps, valves, etc.). A proven combination of sound design and quality assurance techniques places these gas turbines among the world’s most reliable. Basic models produced by GE Energy cover the 5,000 to 124,000 kW power range. They can be provided in simple or regenerative cycles for mechanical drive or generator drive applications. Extensive research and development, advanced design procedures, modern manufacturing technology and on-site experience are behind the success achieved by GE Energy gas turbines. 3 GE Energy Gas Turbines GE5 Gas Turbines The new GE5 is a compact, state-of-the-art, 6 MW class industrial gas turbine. The unit was developed in two configurations: a cold-end drive single shaft for power generation and a hot- end drive twin shaft for mechanical drive applications. Maximum commonality has been maintained between the single and twin shaft models. Both units share a common gas generator, with operating and maintenance benefits in installations where mixed operation is required. The twin shaft engine is obtained by simply removing the second stage turbine from the single shaft unit and adding a two-stage power turbine. The unit is an evolution of the existing PGT5 which builds on the experience of the successful GE10 model. The merging of proven GE Aircraft Engines and GE Energy - Oil & Gas technology coupled with the benefits of GE’s Six Sigma Total Quality Methodology have resulted in a rugged machine with high efficiency and reliability, and low operating and maintenance cost. The high efficiency of the machine coupled with low emissions make the GE5 a leader in its class for most applications. While the single shaft version is particularly suitable for power generation and cogeneration due to the high exhaust temperature, the twin shaft version, with wide operating speed range, is designed to be a reliable and efficient mechanical drive for compressors and pumps. COMPRESSOR The GE5 compressor benefits from several decades of compressor design evolution focused on achieving higher efficiency. The new compressor is scaled from the similar GE10 unit. It is a high performance, axial flow design derived from GE Aircraft Engine technology. GE Energy, utilizing GE Aircraft Engine expertise, has greatly improved overall compressor performance without sacrificing reliability or mechanical integrity. The 11-stage compressor produces a pressure ratio of 14 8:1. The first three stages of stator blades are adjustable to optimize efficiency by maximizing exhaust gas temperature at part load operation. Compressor blades are assembled onto a solid forged rotor while stator blades are mounted onto ductile cast iron casings. TURBINE The HP turbine itself is a compact, high efficiency design with two stages in the single shaft version and three stages in the twin shaft model (2 in the LPT Turbine). The advanced design methodology utilized by GE Energy resulted in a high performance machine with significantly fewer parts. In addition, state-of-theart cooling techniques permitted the use of well proven materials. The GE5 uses an enhanced nozzle and bucket design similar to those used in aircraft engines. Cooling air is provided to the first stage nozzles and buckets to enable higher firing temperatures and enhanced efficiency. The LP turbine of the twin shaft version has two stages 4 GE Energy Gas Turbines GE5-1 Gas Turbine and has been designed exploiting the experience the company has gained over the past 20 years with the PGT25, PGT10, PGT16 and more recently with the PGT25+ (High Speed Power Turbine). The design speed of the GE5-2 low pressure turbine is 12,500 rpm, with a capability range from 50% to 105%, which is ideal for direct coupling of GE Energy centrifugal compressors in the 6 MW power range. COMBUSTOR The GE5 uses an annular combustor architecture, to achieve the maximum efficiency while maintaining the highest reliability standards. The unit is configured with a DLE combustion system that reduces the NOx and CO emission levels. It consists of a compact annular combustor in Hastelloy X with 18 fuel nozzles. Each fuel nozzle includes a double counter-rotating swirler to optimize fuel mixing and flame stability for extra clean combustion. This combustion system is designed for operation on natural gas. One fixed, high-energy spark ignitor is used to achieve simple and reliable ignition. 5 GE Energy Gas Turbines GE5 Gas Turbines PACKAGE The gas turbine packages were designed with an emphasis on standardization, and optimization of factory and field assembly operations. The result is a standard package capable of satisfying the needs of a typical user for low ...